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Browse by: "2019"

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  • 24 Dec 2019
  • OECD
  • Pages: 492

En ¿Cómo va la vida? se presentan los aspectos promisorios y los riesgos para el bienestar de los habitantes de los 35 países miembros de la OCDE y seis países asociados. Se proporciona la evidencia más reciente de 50 indicadores, que cubren los resultados del bienestar actual y también los recursos para el bienestar futuro, e incluyen los cambios registrados desde 2005. Durante este periodo se han observado señales de avance, pero las ganancias en algunos aspectos de la vida se han contrarrestado con pérdidas en otros.

Esta cuarta edición destaca los múltiples rostros de la desigualdad y muestra que las brechas en los logros y las oportunidades para las personas se extienden a lo largo de las diferentes dimensiones de bienestar. Expone las divisiones existentes según la edad, el género y la educación, y revela los focos de desigualdad en todos los países de la OCDE. Asimismo, pone de manifiesto las muchas desventajas en cuanto a bienestar que los migrantes afrontan al adaptarse a vivir en el extranjero. Además, en el informe se examina la gobernanza desde la perspectiva del ciudadano y se revelan las brechas que predominan entre las instituciones públicas y las personas a quienes sirven. Por último, aporta una perspectiva por país individual, señalando los puntos fuertes, los retos y los cambios en bienestar ocurridos con el tiempo en 41 perfiles de países.

¿Cómo va la vida? forma parte de la Iniciativa para una Vida Mejor de la OCDE, la cual incluye un conjunto de estudios y análisis relativos al bienestar de las personas y cómo medirlo, e incluye el sitio web Tu Índice para una Vida Mejor.

Korean, French, English

한 눈에 보는 보건의료: 2018 아시아/태평양 판>은 아시아태평양 27개국의 형평성, 건강 상태, 건강의 결정요인, 보건의료자원과 이용, 의료비 및 재원조달, 보건의료의 질에 대한 핵심 지표를 제시하고 있다. 이 보고서는 각국의 국민에 대한 보편적 의료보장을 향한 진전 정도를 간략하게 개괄하고 있다.

English
  • 20 Dec 2019
  • OECD
  • Pages: 244

Le Panorama de la santé compare les indicateurs clés relatifs à la santé de la population et à la performance du système de santé dans les pays membres, les pays candidats et les pays partenaires de l'OCDE. Il met en évidence les différences entre les pays en ce qui concerne l'état de santé et le comportement de leurs citoyens en matière de santé ; l’accès et la qualité des soins de santé ; ainsi que les ressources disponibles pour la santé. L'analyse est basée sur les dernières données comparables à travers 80 indicateurs, les données provenant des statistiques nationales officielles, sauf indication contraire.

Outre une analyse par indicateur, un chapitre de synthèse fait le point sur les performances comparatives des pays et les grandes tendances, en mettant notamment l’accent sur les liens entre les dépenses de santé et le personnel de santé, l’accès aux soins, la qualité des soins et les résultats en matière de santé. Cette édition propose par ailleurs un chapitre spécial consacré aux résultats déclarés par les patients et à leur vécu, qui offre une vue plus précise de ce qui compte pour les patients.

English

Building on the previous report, this report examines how governments can move from a tactical to a holistic approach to system change. Drawing on diverse case studies from across the world at both national and local levels, the report illustrates how a strategic approach to system change implies three key elements: envisioning and acting on the future, putting public value at the core of the change process, and systematically engaging citizens in decision-making.

  • 19 Dec 2019
  • OECD
  • Pages: 214

Skills are the key to shaping a better future. Skills are central to the capacity of countries and people to thrive in an increasingly interconnected and rapidly changing world. Megatrends such as globalisation, technological advance and demographic change are reshaping work and society, generating a growing demand for higher levels of skills, as well as new sets of skills.

OECD Skills Strategy projects provide a strategic and comprehensive approach to assess countries’ skills challenges and opportunities, and build more effective skills systems. The OECD works collaboratively with countries to develop policy responses that are tailored to each country’s specific skills needs. The foundation of this approach is the OECD Skills Strategy framework, which allows for an exploration of what countries can do better to i) develop relevant skills over the life course, ii) use skills effectively in work and in society, and iii) strengthen the governance of the skills system.

This report OECD Skills Strategy Latvia: Assessment and Recommendations identifies opportunities and makes recommendations to strengthen the skills outcomes of students, foster a culture of lifelong learning, reduce skills imbalances in the labour market, and strengthen the governance of the skills system.

Ce rapport porte sur les mesures à même d’améliorer la résilience des systèmes de gestion des afflux soudains et massifs de réfugiés et d’autres immigrés vulnérables. Il débute par une vue d’ensemble des flux récents d’immigrés en quête de protection, en étudie les conséquences économiques probables et décrit l’action multilatérale sans précédent qui en a résulté. Il examine ensuite le processus d’intégration des réfugiés et des autres immigrés vulnérables au regard de leurs résultats économiques et sociaux et de certains facteurs particuliers de vulnérabilité. Il propose également une évaluation globale des politiques de transition actuelles visant à aider les réfugiés à vivre dans les pays de destination et de transit, ainsi que dans les pays d’origine en cas de retour. Enfin, le rapport aborde des questions liées à l’anticipation, au suivi et à la réactivité, en examinant le rôle des mécanismes d’alerte précoce et les possibilités d’amélioration de l’information de manière à mieux suivre les résultats de l’intégration et à définir les politiques à mettre en œuvre.

English
  • 17 Dec 2019
  • Benedicte Bergseng, Eva Degler, Samuel Lüthi
  • Pages: 112

The German vocational education and training (VET) system is admired around the world for its ability to prepare young people for skilled employment. In Germany, VET smooths transitions into work and is closely aligned with labour market demand. This report focuses on an unprecedented test of the German VET system: how to respond to the significant increase in migrants who arrived in the country in 2015-16. The study explores both the opportunities and the challenges presented by migration. Germany has already devoted significant attention to VET as a mechanism for enabling integration – and for good reason. Work-based learning assists integration because it demonstrably gives learners skills that employers want in real-world settings. The report assesses the barriers faced by learners in their journeys into and through VET, exploring how such challenges can be addressed. In addition, the study looks at system-wide issues in relation to how VET provision and integration policy is governed. Lastly, it explores opportunities for increased flexibility in the German VET system of relevance to all youth at risk of not succeeding in VET. In responding to migrant needs, German VET can become more inclusive without reducing quality.

  • 12 Dec 2019
  • OECD
  • Pages: 226

Le Panorama des administrations publiques fournit des données fiables et comparables à l’échelle internationale sur les activités des administrations publiques et leurs résultats au sein des pays membres de l’OCDE. Dans la messure du possible, elle présente aussi des données pour l’Afrique du Sud, le Brésil, la Chine, la Colombie, le Costa Rica, la Fédération de Russie, l’Inde et l’Indonésie. Cette revue est la seule source de données disponibles dans certains domaines de la gouvernance publique. Elle couvre les intrants, les processus et les indicateurs sur les produits et réalisations obtenues ainsi que des informations contextuelles sur chaque pays.

L’édition 2019 inclut des indicateurs portant sur les intrants qui sont axés sur les finances publiques et l’emploi public ; les processus incluent des données sur les institutions, les pratiques et procédures budgétaires, la gestion des ressources humaines, la gouvernance de la réglementation, les marchés publics, et l’ouverture et la transition numérique de l’administration. Les réalisations couvrent les principaux résultats des pouvoirs publics (ex. la confiance, la réduction des inégalités) et les indicateurs portant sur l’accessibilité, la réactivité et la qualité des services publics de l’éducation, de la santé et de la justice, ainsi que sur le degré de satisfaction des citoyens à leur égard. Les indicateurs de gouvernance sont particulièrement utiles pour surveiller et évaluer le progrès des administrations publiques dans les réformes du secteur public.

English
  • 10 Dec 2019
  • OECD, European Union
  • Pages: 323

The Missing Entrepreneurs 2019 is the fifth edition in a series of biennial reports that examine how public policies at national, regional and local levels can support job creation, economic growth and social inclusion by overcoming obstacles to business start-ups and self-employment by people from disadvantaged or under-represented groups in entrepreneurship. It shows that there is substantial potential to combat unemployment and increase labour market participation by facilitating business creation in populations such as women, youth, the unemployed, and immigrants. However, the specific problems they face need to be recognised and addressed with effective and efficient policy measures. The 2019 edition contains two thematic policy chapters on the potential of digital entrepreneurship for making entrepreneurship more inclusive and increasing the scale-up potential of start-ups by entrepreneurs from disadvantaged groups. These thematic chapters discuss current policy issues and present the range of policy actions currently used in EU and OECD countries. The chapters also offer policy advice to national, regional and local policy makers. Finally, the report contains country profiles that highlight recent trends in entrepreneurship by women, youth, seniors and immigrants, key policy issues and recent policy actions in each of the 28 EU Member States.

German, French
  • 03 Dec 2019
  • OECD
  • Pages: 376

The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) examines what students know in reading, mathematics and science, and what they can do with what they know. It provides the most comprehensive and rigorous international assessment of student learning outcomes to date. Results from PISA indicate the quality and equity of learning outcomes attained around the world, and allow educators and policy makers to learn from the policies and practices applied in other countries. This is one of six volumes that present the results of the PISA 2018 survey, the seventh round of the triennial assessment. Volume II, Where All Students Can Succeed, examines gender differences in student performance, and the links between students’ socio-economic status and immigrant background, on the one hand, and student performance and well-being, on the other.

  • 30 Nov 2019
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 24
  • 28 Nov 2019
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 24

This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in the Netherlands as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system.

This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.

Dutch
  • 28 Nov 2019
  • OECD
  • Pages: 24

This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in the United Kingdom as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system.

This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.

  • 28 Nov 2019
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 24

This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Norway as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system.

This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.

Norwegian
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