How learning continued when schools were closed

This chapter explores how education systems, schools and students handled the school closures imposed as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the relationships between those reponses and school systems’ resilience to disruption. The chapter examines how the duration of school closures is related to student performance and well-being, and to equity in the school system. It also explores whether education systems prepared their students for autonomous and remote learning, and how the support provided, and students’ experiences, during remote learning may have differed in more resilient school systems. The chapter concludes with a look at specific policies that education systems designed and implemented to support students in their learning and well-being during school closures.