Science and technology: Key tables from OECD - ISSN 2075-843X - © OECD 2009
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D | |||||||||
As a percentage of GDP | |||||||||
2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | ||
Australia | .. | 1.69 | .. | 1.78 | .. | 2.01 | .. | .. | |
Austria | 2.14 | 2.26 | 2.46 | ||||||
Belgium | 2.08 | 1.94 | 1.89 | 1.87 | 1.84 | .. | |||
Canada | 2.09 | 2.04 | 2.04 | 2.08 | 2.05 | 1.98 | |||
Czech Republic | 1.21 | 1.20 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 1.41 | 1.55 | 1.54 | .. | |
Denmark | 2.39 | 2.51 | 2.58 | 2.49 | 2.46 | 2.48 | .. | ||
Finland | 3.30 | 3.36 | 3.43 | 3.45 | 3.49 | 3.45 | 3.48 | ||
France | 2.20 | 2.23 | 2.17 | 2.15 | 2.10 | .. | |||
Germany | 2.46 | 2.49 | 2.52 | 2.49 | 2.49 | 2.54 | .. | ||
Greece | 0.58 | .. | 0.57 | 0.58 | .. | ||||
Hungary | 0.92 | 1.00 | 0.93 | 0.88 | 0.94 | 1.00 | 0.97 | .. | |
Iceland | 2.95 | 2.82 | .. | 2.77 | 2.99 | 2.75 | |||
Ireland | 1.10 | 1.10 | 1.17 | 1.24 | 1.25 | 1.30 | 1.31 | 1.45 | |
Italy | 1.09 | 1.13 | 1.11 | 1.10 | 1.09 | 1.13 | .. | .. | |
Japan | 3.12 | 3.17 | 3.20 | 3.17 | 3.32 | 3.41 | 3.44 | .. | |
Korea | 2.59 | 2.53 | 2.63 | 2.85 | 2.98 | 3.23 | 3.47 | .. | |
Luxembourg | .. | .. | 1.65 | 1.63 | 1.56 | 1.66 | .. | ||
Mexico | 0.36 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.43 | 0.46 | .. | .. | .. | |
Netherlands | 1.80 | 1.72 | 1.76 | 1.78 | .. | ||||
New Zealand | 1.14 | .. | 1.19 | .. | 1.16 | .. | 1.21 | .. | |
Norway | 1.59 | 1.66 | 1.71 | 1.59 | 1.52 | 1.52 | 1.64 | .. | |
Poland | 0.62 | 0.56 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.57 | 0.56 | 0.57 | .. | |
Portugal | 0.80 | 0.74 | 0.81 | .. | |||||
Slovak Republic | 0.63 | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.51 | 0.51 | 0.49 | 0.46 | .. | |
Spain | 0.92 | 0.99 | 1.05 | 1.06 | 1.12 | 1.20 | 1.27 | .. | |
Sweden | 4.17 | .. | 3.85 | 3.62 | 3.60 | .. | |||
Switzerland | .. | .. | .. | 2.90 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Turkey | 0.54 | 0.53 | 0.48 | 0.52 | 0.59 | 0.58 | 0.71 | .. | |
United Kingdom | 1.79 | 1.79 | 1.75 | 1.69 | 1.73 | 1.76 | .. | ||
United States | 2.76 | 2.66 | 2.66 | 2.59 | 2.62 | 2.66 | .. | ||
EU27 | 1.76 | 1.76 | 1.75 | 1.73 | 1.73 | 1.76 | .. | ||
OECD Total | 2.25 | 2.22 | 2.22 | 2.19 | 2.23 | 2.26 | .. | ||
Last updated: 12 November 2009 | |||||||||
Note: Country specific footnotes are available at www.oecd.org/dataoecd/52/43/43143328.pdf | |||||||||
National estimate or projection adjusted, if necessary, by the Secretariat to meet OECD norms | |||||||||
Provisional | |||||||||
Source: Main Science and Technology Indicators, OECD Science, Technology and R&D Statistics |