Reading Framework

This chapter discusses the conceptual framework underlying the PISA 2012 assessment of students’ reading competencies. It provides the PISA definition of reading literacy and presents the elements of the survey which have remained consistent throughout the previous cycles, along with a new element introduced in PISA 2009: reading and understanding digital texts. It describes how PISA assesses and analyses print and digital reading tasks, as well as the way in which students navigate through digital texts and respond to the format of tasks. Sample print and digital reading items are included throughout the chapter to further illustrate how students’ skills are measured.